概括：

1 The management systems concept can be useful for understanding the operations of your utility by identifying the critical sub-systems, their inter- linkages and inter-dependence for achievement of common goals.

2 The basic processes common to every management situation are planning, controlling, organizing, motivating and leading. Planning helps a manager in allocating resources in the most efficient manner to achieve the organisational objectives. Controlling is the process by which a manager checks the implementation of his plans against certain pre- determined measures of performance. Organizing refers to the formal grouping of people and activities for doing work.

3领导和激励行为aspects of manager's role. A manager is expected to provide leadership by way of personal example and inspire confidence, and bring into play all those factors by which he can persuade, convince and motivate his subordinates to turn in their best performance.

4 The values and work ethics help build the image of an organisation and individuals imbibe these for corporate governance.

5供应链管理是管理运营控制，资源和库存获取和购买的过程，从而提高了整体效率和效率。

6 Total Quality Management implies adherence to quality standards, quality control, benchmarking, productivity, reduced costs.

7项目管理基本上包括从头到尾的任务和成就的持续跟踪。

8绩效管理是一种管理人员的方式，可以鼓励和帮助他们最佳地利用自己的能力来实现公司的业务策略和目标。