The Just-In-Time (JIT) manufacturing system is a planning system for manufacturing processes that minimizes the availability of material inventories at the manufacturing site to only what, when & how much is strictly necessary. The JIT system is an integrated set of activities designed to achieve high-volume production using minimal inventories; raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods and other consumable goods. Nowadays many firms are successful in implementing the just-in-time (JIT) philosophy to improve their productivity by reducing unnecessary inventory and avoiding delays in the execution of operations.
根据记T system, all components and other inventory items arrive as and when required (i.e. just before the start of an operation). Items are picked up by the worker and fed directly into the production process. Firms produce finished goods only at the time when they are required for sale.
The JIT system emphasizes the elimination of inventory of raw materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods. Even though it is sometimes difficult to put into practice, firms target the elimination of waste by the timely scheduling of inventory.
Implementation of the JIT system requires the total transformation of the methods of designing products and services, assigning responsibilities to workers and organizing work. Today, several major companies like Hewlett-Packard, 3M Corporation, General Electric, Harley-Davidson and General Motors use the JIT system and are enjoying its benefits.
In this chapter, we discuss various aspects of JIT production systems, both for products and services, and how they improve the productivity and profitability of a firm.
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