库存成本

Inventories are generally referred to as the stocks held by a firm. Costs incurred to hold inventories are called as inventory costs that comprise capital tied up in the inventory, the carrying costs and the ordering costs of inventories. Carrying costs are the costs of holding materials in the stores. They include the cost of storage space, bins, protection of assets, interest on blocked funds, insurance, and costs of spoilage/ obsolescence. Ordering costs comprise the costs of placing orders, inspection, checking and handling of goods, the cost of floating tenders, stationery, fax, etc. The inventory costs are minimised when the carrying costs and ordering costs are balanced and the resulting order quantity is called the economic order quantity/economic lot size.

持有库存会增加资本成本。资本成本主要是以原材料，中间商品和成品形式绑定的资本成本。机会成本是库存中捆绑的资产的富有成效机会。

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