Magnetic elements of earth at a place are the quantities which describe completely in magnitude as well as direction the magnetic field of earth at that place.
Following are the three magnetic elements of earth
magnetic declination(θ)
magnetic inclination or magnetic dip(δ)
horizontal component(H)
当磁铁被无污物螺纹自由悬浮磁体时，磁铁的末端并未沿着地理北方方向准确指出磁铁的末端，连接到自由悬浮磁体的北极和南极的线称为磁轴。地球旋转的轴是地理轴。
位置上的磁轴和地理轴之间的小大风定义为该位置的磁偏斜。它由θ.
A vertical plane passing through N – S lines of a freely suspended magnet is called magnetic meridian and the vertical plane passing through the geographic north-south direction is called geographic meridian. We therefore also define magnetic declination at a place as the angel between magnetic meridian and geographic meridian at that place.
The magnetic axis and CD represents the geographic axis. The vertical plane CD AB is ht magnetic meridian and the vertical plane CD AB is the geographic meridian by definition lcec = / bab =θ是磁偏斜。
Magnetic declination arises because the axis of the fictitious bar magnet responsible for earth’s magnetism does not coincide with the axis of rotation of earth (which is the line joining the geographic north N and geographic south S) infect the imaginary magnet lies at an angle of about 20 west of the polar axis as this is the order of magnetic declination at the place.
Note that earth magnetic poles are not at directly opposite positions on globe. Current magnetic south Is farther from geographic south than magnetic north is from geographic north.
实际上，地球的磁场随位置而变化，例如在240年内的时间内随着时间的变化1580 to 1820 AD, the magnetic declination at condom has been found to changes by 3.5 suggesting that magnetic poles of earth change position with time.
印度的磁偏移很小。在德里的偏差仅为041东，在孟买，偏差为0'58’西。这意味着指南针非常准确地给出了地理北的方向。
Magnetic dip or magnetic inclination at a place is defined as the angle which the direction of total strength of earth magnetic field makes with a horizontal line in magnetic meridian. It is the angle by which to total intensity of earth’s magnetic field dips or cones up out of the horizontal plane. It is represented by. The value of magnetic dip at a place can be measure using an instrument called dip circle.
A magnetic needle NS is pivoted on a horizontal axle at the centre of a circular vertical scale V. the ends of magnetic needle are free to move over this scale graduated in degrees marked O – O in the horizontal direction and 90 – 90 in the vertical direction. The needle and the scale are enclosed in a rectangular box B with glass windows the box is mounted on a vertical pillar p on horizontal base HB provided with leveling screws L & L A circular scale C(0 - 360)雕刻在HB上。可以将盒子旋转在水平底座上，并且可以借助Venire尺度（未显示）在圆形尺度C上读取其位置。
To use the dip circle
调整调平螺钉，直到底座水平为水平，并在盒子内部的比例V垂直。
Rotate the box B till the ends of magnetic needle NS read 90 – 90 on the vertical scale.
显然，该位置中的针与地球场的垂直成分对齐。地球场的水平分量垂直于该平面不会影响针头。
The reading of the venire is noted on horizontal circular scale.
从该位置正好旋转盒子。垂直尺度V的平面现在位于Mantic Meridian中。地球磁场的总强度R位于同一平面，因此磁针沿R角静置，R与磁经济中的水平方向构成的R角度是倾角的角度。因此，磁针端在垂直尺度上的读数直接倾角
At different paves on the surface of earthδ是不同的。例如，在两个磁极处，磁针垂直静置。因此，在北半球的两个极点处的倾角显然是90，在北半球，flcitionus磁铁的南极位于固定磁针的北极，将下降，反之亦然。在磁性赤道上，倾角的角度为零，因为针将水平静止在磁赤道。在其他地方的价值δlies between 0 and 90. The dip angle at Delhi is about 42 below the horizontal.
注意，磁偏斜θ取决于指南针，可以在垂直轴上自由旋转在水平面上。和磁倾角δis measured by allowing the compass needle to rotate freely in the vertical plane of magnetic meridian about the horizontal axis.
Horizontal component is the component of total intensity of earth’s magnetic field in the horizontal direction in magnetic meridian. It is represented byH.
In AK represents the total intensity of earth’s magnetic field /BAK = δ. The resultant intensity R is resolved into two rectangular components:
Horizontal component along AB is
al = h = rcosδ
沿广告的垂直组件是
AM = V = R sin δ
Square (23) and (24) and add
H2+ v2= R2(cos2δ+ sin2δ) R2
r = h2+ v2
Dividing (24) by (23) we get
Tan δ = V/H
R sin δ / R cos δ = V / H or
水平分量的值h = rcosδis different at different places. At the magnetic polesδ= 90
∴ H = R cos 90° = zero
At the magnetic equatorδ= 0
∴ H = R cosθ= R
Horizontal component (H) can be measured using a vibration magnetometer and a deflection magnetometer.
The value of H at a place on the surface of earth is of the order of3.2 X 10-5tesla.
ExpertsMind.com-磁性元素分配帮助，磁性元素作业帮助，磁元beplay体育怎么安装素分配导师，磁元素解决方案，磁元素答案，电磁元素分配导师beplay提款封号