Alternative theories of firm:

Traditionally decision-making by firms is analysed at the equality of marginal cost (MC) and the marginal revenue (MR). Such a condition satisfies their profit maximisation objective. However, the MR = MC principle has been attacked on various ground. One of them being that the firm to be able to do this must know its cost and demand curves with certainty, which is quite difficult. Secondly, this principle is a fall-out of profit maximising objective of a firm. But then as many economists have pointed out and which has enjoyed a fair degree of empirical support, firms do not generally opt for profit maximisation. They have a multitude of goals and profit maximisation is just one of them.

公司的传统理论根据利润最大化的目标分析了决策。作为替代方案，鲍莫尔提出了这样的观念，即公司最大化销售收入。威廉姆森（Williamson）分析了一家公司的案例，该公司最大限度地利用了受利润限制的管理效用功能。马里斯（Marris）在他的模型中表明，均衡是业主和经理的最大化的后果。