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A solution is ahomogeneous mixturewhich is composed of two or more substances. In the mixture, a solute is dissolved in othersubstance; this is called as a solvent. Thesolventmakes dissolving property. Thus solutions are homogenous mixture that consists ofone solvent and one or more solutes.

What is meaning of homogenous mixture?

Homogenousmeans that properties of mixture and components are uniform throughout its entire volume. In usually, substance presents in greatest amount than solvent. Solvents may begases, liquids or solids. There are other components present in solutions other than solvent are called solutes. A solution has same physical state which is maintained by solvent.

Types of Solutions

Gas

Liquid

Solid

Gas:In case of gas solvent, only gases are dissolved with given set of conditions. For example of air (oxygen and other gases dissolved in nitrogen) is a gaseous solution.

Liquid:In case liquid solvent, gases, solids and liquids can be dissolved.
气体在液体:Carbon dioxide in water, Oxygen in water

Liquid in Liquid:ethanol in water

Solid in Liquid:Sucrose in water

Solid:In case of solid solvents, gases, solids and liquids can be dissolved.
Gas in solid:Hydrogen dissolves rather well in metals, palladium

Liquid in solid:mercury in gold, Hexane in paraffin wax

Solid in solid:Alloys like bronze and many others, Polymers containing plasticizers.

The ability of a compound to dissolve in other compound is calledsolubility. When a liquid is able to dissolve completely in other liquid the two liquids aremiscible. Two substances that cannot mix to form a solution are called immiscible.A solution has a positive entropy of mixing.

Properties:
Some of physical properties likemelting point and boiling pointare changes when other compounds are added. They are called together as colligative properties. There are many ways to quantify compound’s amount dissolved in another compounds collectively called concentration. For example molarity, mole fraction, and parts per million (PPM).

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